1、1. include是动词，可以在句中充当谓语。

2、如楼主第一个例句：The price【主语】 for the hotel 【（修饰主语的后置）定语】 includes【谓语】 breakfast【宾语】.2. 而including除了是include的现在分词/动名词之外，在日常运用中一般被当做介词使用，和其后的名词/代词一起形成介宾短语，意思是“包括.在内”。

3、如楼主的第二个例句：There are many different kinds of moon cakes including fruit,coffee and ice.再如：There are 40 students in the classroom, including me.3. 同样，included也有介词用法，且：including + 宾语 = 宾语 + included.所以上个例句亦可写成：There are 40 students in the classroom, me included.

include是什么意思